Informatics Publishing Limited

A. Acharyya ¹, S. Ray ², B. K. Chaudhuri ², S. K. Basu ³, S. K. Bhaduri ⁴, A. K. Sanyal ⁴

Affiliations
1 Geological Survey of India, 27 Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata - 700 016, IN
2 Geological Survey of India, Op WB-SK-AN, Eastern Region, DK-6, Salt Lake, Kolkata - 700 091, IN
3 Geological Survey of India, Flat#4, H/31M, BP Township, Kolkata - 700 094, IN
4 Geological Survey of India, Chemical Division, Eastern Region, DK-6, Salt Lake, Kolkata - 700 091, IN

Abstract

The South Purulia Shear Zone (SPSZ) is a part of the conspicuous -E-W to -ESE-WNW trending Tamar-Porapahar lineament. This borders the Meso-Proterozoic greenschist facies lithopackage of the Singhbhum Group (SG) comprising metasedimentaries, felsic volcanics, mafites/Ultramafites, granitoids, and alkaline/Carbonatite suite of rocks bounded by the Chhotanagpur Gneissic Complex (CGC) attaining amphibolite to granulite facies in the north CGC presumably had certatn loci of crustal weakness where pre-Rift crustal sagging led to the deposition of supracrustal rocks. Intracratonic rifting had then initiated in those pre-Existing zones of crustal weakness and troughs of the resident crust. The intracratonic basin was covered by huge volume of the felsic volcanics represented by layered tuffaceous volcaniclastic, felsic ignimbrites, crystal-Vitric tuff and tuffaceous phyllite. Meta-Greywacke has been considered as epiclastic deposit derived from felsic volcanics. The nature of welding, absence of phenocrysts typical of lava flows, parallel aligned lenticular pumice fragments exhibiting pumice-Lenticle foliation, fiamme and eutaxitic fabric and petrochemistry could imply that the felsic igniimbrite was close to welded pumiceous ash-Flow tuff having dacitic to rhyodacitic composition. Mafic-ultramafic suites of rocks in close proximity to felsic volcanics suggest a bimodal character of magmatic episode in the area Bands and lenses of tourmalinite disposed along the contact of the CGC and the SG, argued to be of volcanogenic sedimentary origin, possibly demarcates the rupture locales of a rift. The alkali-Feldspar granite(± richterite, ± aegirine-augite), syenite and carbonatites suggest tapping of deeper fractures in the rifted basin. This was coupled with the presence of granite plutonism in the setting. Geochemical signatures imply that felsic volcanics are chiefly of dacitic composition with strong LREE enrichment and narrow range of fractionation while the metabasic rock chemistry scatter in basalt to basaltic andesite field. Trace element data further corroborate 'volcanic arc granite', ' Within plate granite' and 'continental arc granite' composition for the felsic volcanics. The basin was then subscribed to compressional regime where ductile shear zones developed syn to post kinematic to F1 with the northern block (CGC) thrusting over the southern block (SG) on northerly dipping planes. Thus, an entire sequence of rifting, tourmalinite emplacement, felsic volcanism, mafic extrusion, granite plutonism, syenite/Carbonatite emplacement and sedimentation of pelites/Epiclastics during and after opening of the basin in an intracratonic setting is demonstrated. Subsequently, development of the shear zone (SPSZ) took place over the area at the close of the basin.

Keywords

Ignimbrite, Dacite, Tourmalinite, Rift, Shear, Petrography, Geochemistry, Purulia, West Bengal.

Full Text

     

K. P. Singh ¹, A. K. Sanyal ¹

Affiliations
1 Clinical Research Unit (H), Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, IN

Abstract

Studies of severe protein calorie malnutrition in children during early infancy have suggested that brain size and intellectual development suffer a degree of damage that is refractory to subsequent rehabilitation. Results of these studies are very difficult to interpret because of the interaction of antecedent and subsequent cultural, environmental and nutritional determinants. On the contrary, reliable information can be gathered from the animal studies where more precise control are possible for determining the relationship between the plain of nutrition and brain development in early life.

Full Text

     

A. K. Sanyal ¹, B. J. Sarkar ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-70G 053, IN

Abstract

Till date 85 species of oribatid mites belonging to 63 genera and 45 families are known from Sikkim. Of the four districts in the state. East district occupies highest position in number of species. The distribution of 25 species of these mites is still restricted to India, of which 10 are described from this state. The oribatid species showed maximum similarity in species composition with Palaearctic region (24.0%). The genera like Scheloribates, Lamellobates and Galumna are to be considered as numerically dominant in the soils of the state

Keywords

Oribatid Mite, Endemicity, Zoogeography.

Full Text

     

M. N. Moitra ¹, A. K. Sanyal ¹, S. Chakrabarti ²

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata-700 053, IN
2 Department of Zoology, Kalyani University, Kalyani-741235, IN

Abstract

Soil samples were collected from eight sites with an approximate altitudinal gap of 500 m in the Darjeeling Himalaya in West Bengal. Microarthropods collected from soil were divided into four major groups, viz., oribatid mites, other mites, collembola and other microarthropods. Monthly and yearly group diversity of four groups of soil microarthropods were calculated using Shannon's diversity index. Monthly group diversity was found to be negatively correlated with the abundance in most places. Correlation was also traced between some edaphic factors and group diversity. Temperature, moisture and pH were found to have some prominent impact on group diversity in some sites. Organic carbon showed no significant correlation probably because of its presence in sufficient quantity in soil. Both monthly and yearly group diversity were highest in the Tiger Hill.

Keywords

Soil Microarthropod, Group Diversity, Edaphic Factors, Altitudes.

Full Text

     

Debalina Mandal ¹, S. K. Gupta ², A. K. Sanyal ³

Affiliations
1 Post Graduate Dept. of Zoology, Vidyasagar College, CL Block, Salt Lake, Kolkata 700091, IN
2 Rama Krishna Mission Ashrama, Narendrapur, Kolkata-700103, IN
3 Zoological Survey of India, New Alipur, Kolkata-700053, IN

Abstract

The present paper reports the occurrence of phytophagous mites belonging to 11 genera and 3 families collected on Medicinal plants from Eastern Himalayan Region which included 6 new records from India and there was one species which is likely to be undescribed,to be described later.

Full Text

   

A. K. Sanyal ¹, Paramita Basu ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, IN

Abstract

Lakshadweep, one of the smallest Union Territories of India, consists of 12 atolls, three reefs and fi ve submerged banks and 10 of its 36 Islands (area 32 sq.km.) are inhabited. Though the islands are unique in their ecosystem, no extensive faunal survey has yet been undertaken. Considering the fact, a survey was undertaken in Agatti Island, Lakshadweep for short duration and collected insects and mites. The study of soil inhabiting acarines revealed 10 species of oribatid mites including one new species of the genus Striatoppia Balogh, 1958 which is described here.

Full Text

   

A. K. Sanyal ¹, Paramita Basu ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, IN

Abstract

Oribatid mites are one of the major components of soil microarthropod groups. They are classifi ed as class arachnida and subclass acari. The body generally divisible into two distinct regions like the cephalothorax and abdomenl which possesses 4 pairs of jointed legs and have no wings and antennae. These mites take part in soil organic matter decomposition, nutrient cycling, etc. and thus increase the soil fertility.

Full Text

   

A. K. Sanyal ¹, Paramita Basu ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, IN

Abstract

Lakshadweep is one of the smallest Union Territories of India. The first ever study of soil inhabiting oribatid mites from Lakshadweep reveled one new species under the genus Indotritia Jacot, 1929. Only two species of Indotritia were reported so far from India (Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal and Kashmir). The family and genus are reported here for the first time from Lakshadweep.

Keywords

Lakshadweep, Oribatid, Soil, New Species, Indotritia.

Full Text

   

Neena Tak ¹, A. K. Sanyal ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

The formerly known Laccadive, Amini and Minicoy group of Islands in the Arabian sea were named as Lakshadweep in the year 1973 to form one of the smallest Union Territories of India. Lakshadweep archipelago consists of 12 atolls, three reefs and five submerged banks with 10 of its 36 Islands (area 32 sq.km.) being inhabited. Scientific expeditions in the area as such can never be restricted to small land mass but must cover a lagoon area of 42 sq. km., territorial waters of 20,000 km. and the exclusive economic zone of 4,00,000 sq.km.

Full Text

   

Paramita Basu ¹, Neena Tak ¹, A. K. Sanyal ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, IN

Abstract

The state of West Bengal extends from the Himalayas in the north to the Bay of Bengal in the south. It lies between 20°31' N and 27°12' N latitude and 85°50' E and 89°52' E longitude covering a geographic area of 88,752 sq. km. Just being 2.70% of the country's total geographical area. West Bengal has 5 National Parks, 15 Sanctuaries, 2 Tiger Reserves and 1 Biosphere Reserve. The state has 4064 sq. km. of forests under protected areas network which is 34% of the State's total forest area and 4.54% of the total geographical area.

Keywords

Wildlife Sancturay, Taxonomic Key, Systematics, Formicidae.

Full Text

   

Chayan Roy ¹, K. K. Vass ¹, B. C. Patra ², A. K. Sanyal ³

Affiliations
1 Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata-120, IN
2 Aquaculture Research Unit, Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore-102, IN
3 Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata-53, IN

Abstract

The area lies in between the latitudes of 22°44'4"-23°44'4" North and longitudes of 85°44'4"-85°44'4" East, covering an area of 13232 km². It is situated in the lower parts of upper ridges at right flank of Damodar River in West Bengal. Once known as "Jangale mahal" cover with thick mixed dense forest mainly sal (Shorea robusta), palas (Butia monosperma), and ber (Ziziphus zuzubi) in uneven terrain land.

Keywords

Fish Diversity, Threatened Species, Fish Distribution.

Full Text

   

S. Talukdar ¹, A. K. Sanyal ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, Pranivigyan Bhavan, M-block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, IN

Abstract

Araneid Taxonomy in India was initially started with Westwood (1835). Many other workers like Blackwell(1864), Stoliczka (1869), Thorell (1877), Pocock (1895), Tikader (1966, 1970, 1977, 1977, 1980, 1982 & 1987), Tikader & Biswas (1981), Tikader & Gojbe (1982). Biswas 1985, Biswas & Biswas 1992, Saha et al., (1995), Majumder & Tikader (1991), Majumder (2004), Saha & Roychowdhuri (2004), Majumder & Talukdar (2006, 2008), Sebastian & Peter (2009) and many more contributed in this field of study.

Full Text

   

A. K. Sanyal ¹, S. K. Gupta ², B. J. Sarkar ¹, D. Bhattacharya ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, Kolkata 700053, IN
2 Anandam Housing Complex, 1C/10, 7, K. B. Sarani, Kolkata-700080, IN

Abstract

Flowers and leafy ornamentals have in India immense values in socio-cultural-religious aspects apart from having a good deal of commercial values both in domestic and export markets. India has 2,32,540 ha under flower cultivation with production of 4,59,156 tonnes of loose flowers and 1,15, 613 cut flowers (Chadha, 2010 and Gupta, 2012).

Full Text

   

A. K. Sanyal ¹, K. Venkataraman ¹, J. K. De ¹, Bulganin Mitra ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipur, Kolkata, IN

Abstract

Climate change have impacts on marine, terrestrial and limnetic systems, and hence will influence future biological diversity of the globe. Present day Polar Regions experience greater rates of climatic change than elsewhere on the earth. The smallest shift of climate may threat to these uniquely adapted fauna of this extreme environment. However, some small areas of terrestrial habitat still supporting terrestrial and limnetic biotas have been continuously available for periods of time ranging from the several million to only a few thousand years.

Keywords

Antarctica, Schirmacher Oasis, Invertebrate Fauna.

Full Text

   

L. Bindu ¹, J. Chithra ², A. K. Sanyal ²

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, Marine Biology Regional Centre, Chennai-600028, IN
2 Zoological Survey of India, M.Block, New Alipore, Kolkata, IN

Abstract

Sewage is water carried wastes, in either solution or suspension, that is intended to flow away from a community. It is more than 99. 9% pure water and is characterized by its volume or rate of flow, its physical condition, its chemical constituents and the bacterial organisms that it contains. Sewage water is a complex matrix with many distinctive chemical characteristics. These include high concentrations of ammonium, nitrate, phosphorus, high conductivity (due to high dissolved solids), high alkalinity, with pH typically ranging between 7 & 8.

Full Text

   

A. K. Sanyal ¹, J. K. De ¹, R. P. Das ¹, K. Venkataraman ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata - 700053, IN

Abstract

Captive breeding and subsequent reintroduction of a threatened species is an important and in some cases very successful tool for species conservation. Now-a-days re-introductions using captive-bred individuals are not uncommon than the translocations of wild species.

Full Text

   

Shampa Sarkar ¹, A. K. Sanyal ², S. Chakrabarti ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Narasinha Dutt College, 129, Belilious Lane, Howrah-711101, IN
2 Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, IN
3 Department of Zoology, Kalyani University, Kalyani-741235, IN

Abstract

von Heyden (1826) established the genus Galumna with Notaspis alata Hermann, 1804 from Germanyas the type underthe family Galumnidae Jacot, 1925. The super family Galumnoidea Jacot, 1925 is one of the superfamilies under suborder Cryptostigmata of the order Acarina. These mites are commonly known as galumnid mites. The“characteristically-shaped” galumnid mites possess two wing-like “pteromorphae” at both sidesofnotogastergivingthema conspicuous look. Most of these mites are highly pigmented and heavily sclerotized.

Full Text

   

Shampa Sarkar ¹, A. K. Sanyal ², S. Chakrabarti ³

Affiliations
1 Department of Zoology, Narasinha Dutt College, 129, Belilious Lane, Howrah-711101, IN
2 Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, IN
3 Department of Zoology, Kalyani University, Kalyani-741235, IN

Abstract

The genus Pergalumna was established by Grandjean (1936) with Oribates nervosa Berlese, 1914 from Italy as the type xinder the family Galumnidae Jacot, 1925 and the superf amily Galumnoidea Jacot, 1925. Woodring (1962) referred the family as the most advanced pterogasterine group of mites. These mites are commonly known as galumnid mites.

Full Text

   

Viswa Venkat Gantait ¹, A. K. Sanyal ¹

Affiliations
1 Nemathelminthes Section, Zoological Survey of India, M-Block, New Alipur, Kolkata-700053, West Bengal, IN

Abstract

The genus Lagenonema was established by Andrassy (1987) belonging to the subfamily Thornenematina e Siddiqi, 1969, famiily Thornenematidae Siddiqi, 1969 under the order Dorylaimida . He erected the genu s by differentiating it from Thomenema Andrissy, 1959 in having abruptly narrowed, bottle-shaped anterior region, well sclerotized spatulate cephalic framework, ventrally concave spear and smaller amphids. Jairajpuri and Ahmad (1992) did not agree with him and noted that Lagenonema was close to Thomenema. Gantait, Bhattacharya and Chatterjee (2010) however agreed with Andrassy's opinion that Lagenonema is a well defined, distinct genus.

Keywords

Nematode, Dorylaimida, Lagenonema, Compendium, Species Key.

Full Text

   

Debabrata Sen ¹, V. V. Gantait ¹, A. K. Sanyal ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of India, M - Block, New Alipore, Kolkata - 53, IN

Abstract

Dorylaimid nematodes, associated with different crop plants from West Bengal, India, were comprehensively reported and described by Sukul (1967a; 1972; 1973), Sukul et al, (1975), Baqri and Khera (1975,1979), Mukherjee and Dasgupta (1981), Baqri. and Jana (1980; 1982 & 1986), Jana and Baqri (1981a & b; 1982; 1984; 1985), Dey and Baqri (1986). Nematodes of jute (Chaturvedi and Khera, 1979) and Paddy (Baqri et al, 1983; Baqri and Ahmad, 2000) have been extensively observed and recorded.

Full Text

   

A. K. Sanyal ¹

Affiliations
1 Zoological Survey of lndia, ‘M’ Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700053, IN

Abstract

The sustainable livelihood of humankind depends on mutual interaction between liv­ing and nonliving components in the ecosystem. The living partn er includes plants, animals and microorganisms. Their variety and variability together is referred as biodiversity. The megadiversity country India is very rich in biodiversity comprising 7.8% of the world’s known live forms. The country has as many as 91,000 species of animals and 47,000 species of plants. Unfortunately, the biodiversity, the world’s most fundam ental capital stock, is under threat due to natural as well as anthropogenic pressures. This paper highlights in brief the present status of Indian biodiversity.

Full Text